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Main WINE fields of application are Wireless Sensor Networks. Implements a wireless clustered mesh network
topology.

=== History ===

WINE was developed starting from 2002 by Maurizio Corino and Paolo Zebelloni, founders of C-Labs, a
company oriented to development of industrial applications, like process monitoring, condition monitoring, asset
management, Environment, Health and Safety (EH & S) monitoring and power management. 

They are headquartered in Turin, Italy.

WINE has been presented at International Wireless Summit 2005 - WPMC'05, in Aalborg (DK).

WINE is a '''patented technology''' grant in USA, Canada, Europe, Israel, New Zealand and Australia. Patents cover
the '''time synchronization method''' used to keep network nodes time-aligned, providing a near 3 order of magnitude
reduction in power consumption.

=== Technical Background === 

In wireless networks the most important challenge, media sharing, has been historically approached designing
either '''beaconed''' or '''unbeaconed''' media access protocols. 

In a beaconed network, a particular node (the ''base-station'') provides time synchronization cyclically transmitting sync frames that other (slave) nodes use as timing reference for accessing the media: '''GSM mobile networks''' work in this way. In an unbeaconed network there is '''no synchronization''', so the recipient must be ready to receive any frame, just acknowledging it. 

Previous approaches '''may not be applicable''' when the network has more than one of the following constrains:
* '''two-way communication''' between nodes is a must;
* '''base-station and nodes share the same power requirements''';
* '''there are limitations in transmit/receive duty-cycle''' (like in most part of the European 868 MHz ISM band);
* '''data latency must be short'''.

WINE, with its time-synchronous approach, complies with all constraints listed above.

=== WINE Features Chart===

WINE implements a lot of nice capabilities:

* '''Ultra Low Power''' 

* '''Safety''' and '''reliability''' by design

* '''Insensitive to neighbor networks''' issues

* Crypto with '''Tiny Encryption Algorithm''' (TEA) in '''CBC''' mode

* '''Frequency Hopping'''

* '''Dynamic Tx Power''' trimming

* Network Latency '''0.5 [s] per hop''' (typical)

* Works on '''all ISM bands''' (<1GHz, 2.4 GHz)

* Full '''ETSI compliance''' in all ISM bands

* '''Up to 65534 mesh nodes'''

* '''Up to 255 hops'''

* '''15 application profiles'''

* '''Sub-millisecond''' network-wide common '''time reference'''

* '''Battery Powered Routers'''

* '''Portability''' (pure “C” code, no assembly)

* '''Small foot-print''' (full stack < 13 [KB] on MSP430 core)

* '''Modulation scheme independent'''

=== Software Architecture ===

WINE is based on '''Brain-Like Nano Kernel''' (AKA ''B-LiNK''), a very powerful micro-controller oriented software architecture, designed to handle low-power states and CPU states transitions. 

'''B-LiNK''' is based on a neural information processing model described by [https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Jervis Giovanni Jervis] (1933-2009), professor at La Sapienza University (Rome). 
The basic idea is that brains process information in the same way, independently from their complexity. The human brain may process a lot of information, the one of a bee not so many, but enough to survive.

=== Licenses ===

WINE is a '''patented technology'''. '''Technological Transfers''' and '''License Programs''' are available on request.
For more information, please [https://www.c-labs-wt.com/modules/xforms/index.php?form_id=3 contact] C-Labs.

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